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Dead space ventilation slideshare8/25/2023 Measuring deadspace ventilation should be the most reliable method of monitoring ventilatory efficiency in mechanically ventilated patients. Depending on the disease condition, additional mechanisms that can contribute to an elevated physiological dead space measurement include shunt, a substantial increase in overall V'A/Q' ratio, diffusion impairment, and ventilation delivered to unperfused alveolar spaces. 37 Citations 9 Altmetric Metrics Abstract Problems with ventilatory efficiency results in abnormal CO 2 clearance. Pulmonary ventilation or breathing It is the inhalation (inflow) and exhalation (outflow) of air and involves the exchange of air between the atmosphere and the alveoli of the lungs. VDphys VD phys can be divided into two components: airway dead space (i.e., VDaw VD aw) and alveolar dead space (i.e., VDalv VD alv ). For the range of physiological abnormalities associated with an increased physiological dead space measurement, increased alveolar ventilation/perfusion ratio (V'A/Q') heterogeneity has been the most important pathophysiological mechanism. Physiology of respiration The process of gas exchange in the body, called respiration, it has three basic steps: 1. Dead space or physiological dead space (i.e., VDphys VD phys) is part of the volume that is ventilated but does not participate in gas exchange. Although a frequently cited explanation for an elevated dead space measurement has been the development of alveolar regions receiving no perfusion, evidence for this mechanism is lacking in both of these disease settings. An elevated physiological dead space, calculated from measurements of arterial CO2 and mixed expired CO2, has proven to be a useful clinical marker of prognosis both for patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome and for patients with severe heart failure.
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